What to Expect After a Car Accident in Philadelphia
If you’ve been injured in a car accident caused by another person’s carelessness, your life might feel uncertain and overwhelming. The physical injuries, emotional distress, and financial burden from the crash can seem like a lot to handle. In these difficult moments, it’s important to know that you’re not alone. A compassionate car accident attorney can help you understand your options and fight for the compensation you deserve.
Read on to explore what to expect after a car accident, from handling the immediate aftermath to understanding the insurance and legal processes. We’ll also highlight the importance of having a legal team on your side to protect your rights and guide you through each phase of your claim.
Immediate Aftermath
The moments immediately following a car accident can be disorienting, but you need to try and stay calm and focused to ensure your safety and protect your future claim. Here are the crucial steps to take:
Safety First: Moving Vehicles, Checking Injuries
Your first priority should always be safety. If you’re able, move your vehicle out of traffic to avoid additional collisions. Turn on your hazard lights to alert other drivers. If anyone is seriously injured, call 911 right away.
If possible, check for injuries—yours and others’—before doing anything else. Even if you don’t feel hurt immediately, some injuries might not show up until later. It’s a good idea to seek medical attention right away, just to be sure.
Documenting the Scene: Photos, Witness Information, Police Reports
Documenting the accident is essential for your claim. Take clear, detailed photos of the accident scene, vehicle damage, tire marks, road conditions, and any other relevant details. These photos can provide important evidence for your case.
If there are any witnesses to the accident, ask for their contact information. Their statements could support your version of the events.
When the police arrive, file a report. The report will serve as an official record and can be vital in proving your case. Be sure to get a copy of the police report once it’s available.
Medical Evaluation Timeline
Even if you don’t feel any pain right away, it’s important to seek a medical evaluation within 24 hours. Some injuries, like whiplash, may take time to show symptoms. A timely medical evaluation helps establish the connection between the accident and your injuries, which will be important if you pursue a claim later on.
Insurance Process
The insurance process can feel like a maze, but knowing what to expect can help you move through it with confidence. Here are the steps involved:
Filing the Claim
After the accident, you’ll need to file a claim with your insurance company. Be prepared to provide all the necessary documentation, including accident details, medical reports, and photos.
Speaking with Adjusters
Insurance adjusters will review your claim, assess damages, and determine compensation. Be cautious when talking to them. Insurance companies may try to minimize your compensation offer. It’s helpful to have a personal injury lawyer on your side to ensure that you’re treated fairly and that you don’t settle for less than you deserve.
Common Coverage Issues
Insurance coverage can be complicated. In some cases, the at-fault party may not have sufficient coverage or may be uninsured. This can lead to delays or complications in getting the compensation you need. Your own insurance policy may offer additional coverage in such situations, such as underinsured or uninsured motorist coverage.
Timeline for Settlements
The timeline for settling a claim can vary. Some claims are resolved within a few months, while others may take longer, especially if negotiations are required or the case goes to court. Keep in mind that each case is unique, and an experienced attorney can help you understand the process and manage your expectations.
Medical Treatment
After a car accident, receiving the proper medical treatment is not only crucial for your recovery but also essential for building a strong case if you decide to pursue a claim. Injuries from car accidents can vary greatly, ranging from minor cuts and bruises to severe, life-changing conditions.
Types of Common Accident Injuries
Car accidents can lead to a wide range of injuries, some of which may not be immediately noticeable. Common injuries include:
Whiplash and Neck Injuries: Often caused by sudden stops or collisions, whiplash can lead to neck pain, stiffness, and headaches.
Back and Spinal Injuries: These can vary from mild strains to serious injuries, such as herniated discs or spinal cord damage.
Head and Brain Injuries: Concussions, traumatic brain injuries (TBI), and other head injuries can have lasting effects.
Fractures: Broken bones in the arms, legs, ribs, or other parts of the body are common in severe accidents.
Soft Tissue Damage: Injuries to muscles, tendons, or ligaments can cause significant pain and swelling.
Internal Injuries: Damage to organs, including the lungs, liver, or kidneys, may not be immediately visible but can be life-threatening.
Documentation Requirements
To support your claim, it’s important to keep accurate and detailed documentation of your medical treatment. This includes:
Medical Records: Keep a record of all your doctor visits, diagnoses, treatment plans, and prescriptions.
Bills and Receipts: Save all medical bills, receipts for medications, physical therapy, and any other out-of-pocket expenses.
Test Results: Document the results of any tests or imaging (such as X-rays or MRIs) that are necessary for diagnosing your injuries.
Treatment Plans: Keep track of the treatments prescribed, including physical therapy or follow-up appointments, and any changes in your condition.
Following Treatment Plans
Adhering to the treatment plan recommended by your healthcare providers is critical to your recovery. This not only ensures that you have the best chance at healing but also shows the insurance company that you are taking the necessary steps to recover. If you miss appointments or fail to follow medical advice, it could be used to argue that your injuries are less severe or not related to the accident.
Long-Term Care Considerations
Some injuries may require long-term care, especially if they involve the spine, brain, or other critical areas. Long-term care could include ongoing medical treatments, surgeries, rehabilitation, or lifestyle changes. When pursuing compensation, it’s essential to consider these future medical needs. The costs associated with long-term care—whether physical therapy, assisted living, or home care—should be factored into the claim to ensure you’re fully compensated for the lasting impact of your injuries.
Legal Considerations
As you deal with insurance companies and medical providers, legal considerations will also come into play. Here’s what to keep in mind:
Statute of Limitations
In Pennsylvania, you typically have two years from the date of the accident to file a personal injury lawsuit. While this may seem like a long time, it’s essential to act quickly, as evidence and witness testimonies can fade over time. Consulting with an attorney early on will ensure you don’t miss important deadlines.
When to Hire an Attorney
You must hire an attorney if you suffer severe injuries or experience complications with the insurance claim. If the at-fault party disputes liability, an attorney can help protect your rights and push back against any attempts to unjustly blame you for the crash and your injuries. Even if you only suffer minor injuries, an attorney can still help ensure you obtain the compensation you need to cover your medical bills and other related expenses.
Evidence Preservation
You must have strong evidence to support your claim. An attorney can help preserve key pieces of evidence, such as photos, witness statements, and medical records. They can even obtain surveillance video footage, if applicable. A lawyer knows how to use the evidence effectively in your case.
Dealing with the Other Party’s Insurance
Insurance companies are often focused on minimizing payouts. Having a lawyer who understands how to interact with the at-fault party’s insurance company can protect your rights and ensure you don’t get pressured into accepting an unfair settlement.
Settlement Process
Reaching a settlement is often the preferred outcome, as it saves time and avoids the stress of going to trial. Here’s how the settlement process typically works:
Calculating Damages
To determine how much compensation you may be entitled to, your attorney will calculate your damages. This includes medical expenses, lost wages, pain and suffering, property damage, and any future costs related to your injuries.
Negotiation Phases
Once the damages are calculated, your attorney will enter negotiations with the insurance company. The goal is to reach a fair settlement. The insurance company may offer a lower amount initially, but your attorney will advocate on your behalf in an effort to secure you full compensation.
Settlement vs. Litigation
Most car accident cases are settled out of court. However, if a fair settlement can’t be reached, your attorney may recommend filing a lawsuit. If your case does go to court, you’ll have someone who understands the process and can guide you through each step.
Timeline Expectations
The timeline for reaching a settlement or resolving a lawsuit can vary. While some cases may be settled in a few months, others could take much longer, especially if they go to trial. Your attorney will provide you with a more specific timeline based on the specifics of your case.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
Making certain mistakes can hurt your chances of getting the compensation you deserve. Here are some things to avoid:
Social Media Activity
Avoid posting about the accident or your injuries on social media. Insurance adjusters may use your posts against you, claiming that your injuries aren’t as severe as you’ve reported.
Early Settlement Acceptance
Insurance companies often offer settlements quickly, but these offers are usually much lower than what you deserve. Always consult with an attorney before accepting any offer.
Missing Documentation
Keep all documents related to the accident, including medical bills, repair estimates, and any correspondence with insurance companies. Missing or incomplete documentation can hurt your claim.
Gaps in Medical Treatment
If you miss medical appointments or delay treatment, the insurance company might argue that your injuries aren’t as serious as you say. Stay consistent with your treatment plan to avoid this issue.
Steps to Protect Your Rights
To protect your rights and maximize your compensation, consider the following steps:
Medical Record Collection
Gather all medical records related to your injuries, including doctor’s notes, test results, and receipts for treatments. These documents will support your claim.
Communication Documentation
Keep records of all communication with insurance companies and other parties involved in the case. This ensures that there is a clear record of what was discussed and agreed upon.
Expert Consultations
Consulting with a medical expert or accident reconstruction specialist can strengthen your case by providing additional evidence of the extent of your injuries and the cause of the accident.
Settlement Evaluation
Before accepting any settlement, your attorney will carefully evaluate the offer to ensure it reflects the full extent of your damages, both current and future.
Know Your State’s Insurance Laws
Understanding your state’s insurance laws is important when filing a claim. Pennsylvania follows a no-fault system. This means your own insurance covers your medical expenses, regardless of who caused the accident. If your injuries are severe, you may still pursue a claim against the at-fault driver.
Consult a Philadelphia Personal Injury Attorney
Hiring an experienced Philadelphia personal injury attorney can make a significant difference in the outcome of your claim. A skilled attorney will handle the legal complexities, negotiate with insurance companies, and advocate for your rights to ensure that you receive the compensation you deserve.
Is the Rider or the Company Liable in a Bike Share Accident in Philadelphia?
Bike share programs have revolutionized the way people travel in cities across the country. With names like Indego in Philadelphia, these programs offer a convenient, eco-friendly alternative to other forms of public transportation. The bikes can be found at kiosks near major landmarks such as Penn Station, Rittenhouse Square, and Millennium Park, making them a practical choice for commuters, tourists, and residents alike.
But as bike share usage grows, so does the potential for accidents. And when accidents happen, the question of liability arises. Who is responsible — the rider or the bike share company?
Understanding who bears responsibility in a bike share accident is not always straightforward. Multiple factors come into play, requiring an analysis of rider responsibility, company obligations, and the circumstances that led to the accident.
What’s clear, however, is that victims of such accidents often face physical injuries, emotional challenges, and financial hardships. For these individuals, securing compensation through a personal injury claim isn’t just about the money — it’s about getting the resources they need to recover and move forward with their lives.
The Growing Popularity of Bike Share Programs
Over the past decade, bike share systems have become an integral part of urban transportation. Major cities like Philadelphia have embraced these programs to reduce traffic congestion, cut carbon emissions, and promote healthier lifestyles. Companies like Lyft and Lime operate many of these systems, and cities often partner with private entities to maintain and expand their programs.
The convenience of bike shares has made them incredibly popular, but the increase in usage has also brought to light safety concerns. Riders often find themselves navigating busy streets alongside cars, buses, and pedestrians. And while most bike share programs require riders to agree to terms and conditions before using the service, many people don’t understand the legal implications of those agreements until an accident happens.
Common Causes of Bike Share Accidents
Bike share accidents can happen for a variety of reasons, ranging from rider error to poor bike maintenance. Some of the most common causes include:
Rider Mistakes
Riders often take to the streets with the best intentions, but certain common errors can significantly increase the risk of accidents:
Failure to obey traffic laws: Riders are required to follow the same rules of the road as drivers. Running red lights, ignoring stop signs, or riding against traffic can lead to collisions.
Lack of experience: Many bike share users aren’t regular bicyclists and may lack the skills needed to safely navigate urban environments.
Distractions and negligence: Just like drivers, cyclists can become distracted by their phones, GPS, or surroundings, increasing the likelihood of an accident.
Bike Share Company Negligence
While riders rely on bike share programs for convenience and safety, lapses in company responsibilities can lead to preventable accidents:
Poor bike maintenance: Users expect bikes to be safe and in good condition, but improper maintenance can result in brake failures, tire blowouts, or other mechanical issues.
Faulty docking stations: Broken or poorly maintained docking stations can create hazards, especially in high-traffic areas.
Failure to provide adequate safety guidance: Some bike share companies don’t make it clear how to inspect a bike for issues or provide information on safe riding practices.
External Factors
Beyond rider actions and company obligations, outside conditions can also play a major role in causing bike share accidents:
Road hazards: Potholes, debris, or uneven pavement can cause accidents, particularly for inexperienced riders.
Collisions with motor vehicles: Sharing the road with cars and trucks poses a significant risk, especially when drivers fail to give riders the space they need.
Weather conditions: Rain, snow, or ice can make riding more treacherous, increasing the likelihood of slipping or loss of control.
Rider Responsibilities
When a customer rents a bike through a bike share program, they agree to a set of terms and conditions. These agreements often include clauses stating that the rider assumes responsibility for following traffic laws and riding safely. However, this doesn’t mean the rider is always at fault in the event of an accident.
For example, if a rider causes an accident by running a red light or weaving through traffic recklessly, they may be held liable for any injuries or property damage. However, if the accident was caused by a mechanical failure due to the company’s negligence, liability may shift away from the rider. It’s also worth noting that in some states, bicyclists have limited insurance coverage, leaving many riders to bear the financial burden of accidents.
Bike Share Company Obligations
Bike share companies have a duty to provide safe and functional equipment to their users. This includes regularly inspecting and maintaining their bikes, ensuring docking stations are operating properly, and addressing any safety concerns promptly. When they fail in these duties, accidents can happen.
Another consideration is the legal language in user agreements. Many bike share companies include disclaimers in their terms and conditions designed to limit their liability. While these disclaimers can make it harder to hold companies accountable, they are not always enforceable, especially if the company’s negligence can be proven.
Multi-Party Liability in Bike Share Accidents
Sometimes, liability isn’t limited to just the rider or the company. Other parties could also bear responsibility, depending on the circumstances of the accident. These parties might include:
Local governments: Poorly maintained roads or bike paths can create hazards for riders, putting some liability on local municipalities.
Motorists: Drivers who act negligently, such as failing to yield to a cyclist or driving under the influence, can be held accountable for bike share accidents.
Third-party manufacturers: If a bike fails due to a design defect or faulty part, the manufacturer may be responsible.
Each case is unique, and the specific facts of an accident will determine the parties involved in a liability claim.
Determining Liability in a Bike Share Accident
When it comes to personal injury claims, negligence serves as the foundation for determining liability. Negligence occurs when someone fails to act with the level of care that a reasonable person would exercise under similar circumstances, resulting in harm to another person. Understanding this concept is crucial in bike share accident cases, as proving negligence is often the key to securing fair compensation for injuries and damages.
To establish a successful bike share accident claim, victims must demonstrate four key elements of negligence:
Duty of Care: The first step in proving negligence is showing that the defendant owed the victim a duty of care. This means the responsible party was obligated to act in a reasonable manner to ensure the safety of others. For example, bike share companies have a duty to maintain their bicycles, while drivers must follow traffic laws to avoid endangering cyclists.
Breach of Duty: Next, it must be shown that the defendant breached their duty of care. This could involve a bike share company failing to properly maintain its fleet, leading to faulty brakes, or a motorist texting while driving and colliding with a cyclist. A breach occurs when someone’s actions—or inaction—fall below the level of reasonable care expected in that situation.
Causation: Once a breach of duty is established, the victim must prove that this breach directly caused their injuries. For instance, if a rider is injured because of a defective bike, they need to demonstrate that the bike’s malfunction—not some unrelated factor—directly led to the accident.
Damages: Finally, the victim must provide evidence of actual damages, whether physical, emotional, or financial. This includes medical bills, lost wages, pain and suffering, or even the cost of replacing damaged personal items.
Negligence, with its intricate components, is at the heart of bike share accident claims. Proving these four elements requires a careful gathering of evidence and a strategic approach to presenting the case. By successfully demonstrating negligence, victims increase their chances of obtaining the compensation they need to recover and move forward.
Steps to Take After a Bike Share Accident
If you’re involved in a bike share accident, knowing what to do immediately afterward can make a significant difference in protecting your rights and securing compensation. Here are some steps you should take:
Seek medical attention: Your health and safety should always be the top priority. Even if you feel fine, get checked out by a healthcare professional to rule out serious injuries.
Report the accident: Notify the bike share company and, if necessary, file a police report. This helps document the accident and establish an official record.
Gather evidence: Take photos of the accident scene, your injuries, and any damaged equipment. Collect contact information from witnesses and other parties involved.
Preserve the bike: If possible, see if you can keep the bike in its post-accident condition. This can be crucial in proving mechanical failure or company negligence.
Consult an attorney: Bicycle accidents can involve complex legal issues, and an experienced attorney can guide you through the process of determining liability and pursuing compensation.
Compensation for Bike Share Accident Victims
Seeking compensation is an essential step in helping victims rebuild their lives, not just by covering their expenses but by restoring their sense of stability and security. Here’s a closer look at the different types of compensation available.
Medical Expenses
The cost of medical care can be a significant burden after a bike share accident. Compensation for medical expenses typically covers everything from emergency treatments, such as ambulance rides and ER visits, to long-term care, like physical therapy or specialized rehabilitation. It may also include the costs of necessary medical equipment, prescription medications, and future treatments required to address ongoing health issues.
Lost Income
Bike share accidents can disrupt a victim’s ability to work, often resulting in the loss of wages. Compensation for lost income accounts for the time away from work during recovery. If the injuries have long-term effects that reduce the victim’s ability to earn, they may also seek damages for diminished earning capacity.
Pain and Suffering
The physical pain and emotional distress caused by a bike share accident often extend far beyond the initial impact. Victims may experience ongoing discomfort, limited mobility, and chronic pain, all of which take a significant toll on their quality of life. Emotional and psychological effects like anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are also common, especially after a particularly traumatic accident.
Property Damage
While personal safety is the top priority, accidents involving bike shares often lead to damaged personal property as well. Smartphones, laptops, clothing, or other items that were damaged or destroyed in the accident can create additional financial strain for victims.
Wrongful Death
The loss of a loved one in a bike share accident is a devastating experience, and no amount of compensation can truly replace their presence in your life. However, wrongful death claims can provide financial support to the families left behind. Wrongful death compensation often covers expenses such as funeral and burial costs, medical bills incurred prior to the victim’s passing, and the loss of future financial contributions from the deceased. Additionally, it can address the emotional toll by compensating for the loss of companionship, guidance, and emotional support that the family relied upon.
Although compensation might initially seem like just a financial transaction, its purpose goes much deeper. It’s not simply about the dollar amount awarded; it’s about giving victims the resources to put their lives back together.
NHTSA Proposes National Voluntary Framework for Autonomous Vehicle Oversight
The U.S. Department of Transportation’s National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has proposed a voluntary national framework to evaluate and oversee certain vehicles equipped with automated driving systems (ADS). This proposal aims to enhance transparency and safety in autonomous vehicle (AV) operations through the ADS-Equipped Vehicle Safety, Transparency, and Evaluation Program (AV STEP).
Participation Requirements
Entities with operational control over subject ADS-equipped vehicles would be able to apply to participate in AV STEP at one of two “steps,” depending on whether their ADS requires “fallback personnel” — a human supervisor who is expected to intervene and exercise control over the vehicle in necessary circumstances. Approval would involve an evaluation of an applicant’s safety case, including a third-party independent assessment, and each step would set minimum eligibility requirements relative to the extent of ADS operations.
Ongoing Obligations
Once admitted into AV STEP, a participating entity would be required to submit periodic quarterly reports, event-triggered reports, and reports of operational changes above a certain threshold. Information required in such reports ranges from the number of vehicles operated and miles traveled to vehicle recovery events and contact events. NHTSA will also publicly publish a subset of information gathered in the application and participation process in an effort to promote transparency surrounding ADS technology.
Exemption Pathways
AV STEP would also add two exemption pathways for ADS-equipped vehicles:
A Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) Exemption under 49 U.S.C. 30114(a); and
A Make Inoperative Exemption under 49 U.S.C. 30122.
NHTSA states these additional exemption pathways will exist alongside current exemption processes to offer more regulatory flexibility.
Building on Existing Initiatives
The AV STEP proposal builds on current NHTSA programs and actions related to AV regulation. NHTSA has encouraged AV companies to complete a Voluntary Safety Self-Assessment to demonstrate their safety approaches, testing methods and technological developments to regulators and the public. Additionally, NHTSA has issued a Standing General Order (SGO), amended in April 2023, requiring certain manufacturers and operators of ADS technology to report details of collisions involving vehicles equipped with Level 2 advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) or higher autonomous technology.
NHTSA’s AV STEP proposal will be open for public comment for 60 days after it is published in the Federal Register and will appear on Regulations.gov as docket No. NHTSA-2024-0100. The unofficial version of the notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM) is currently available on NHTSA’s website. The outcome of the NPRM remains unclear with the incoming administration, and industry feedback is likely to shape the proposed program.
Pumping the Brakes? Outlook for State and Federal Vehicle, Engine, and Equipment Emissions Standards
With the start of the second Trump administration just over a week away, there are many uncertainties with respect to how the new administration will regulate vehicle, engine, and equipment emissions, and the steps the second Trump administration may take to roll back emission standards set during the Biden administration. However, one thing is certain, there will be changes; and those changes are likely to impact how industry develops new mobile source products, meets emission standards, invests in new technologies, and considers any federal rollbacks of the mobile source obligations set by California and adopted by other states that implement California’s mobile source rules.
Many have speculated that the new administration will take aim at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA’s) emission standards issued for model year 2027 and later light- and medium-duty vehicles and the new greenhouse gas emission standards set for heavy-duty highway vehicles finalized by the Biden administration in the spring of 2024. Whether there will be a full-scale rollback of those standards or more measured changes is unclear. However, any changes to the federal standards would require a new EPA rulemaking which could take a year or more to accomplish, leaving regulated industry facing uncertainty going into 2026 with respect to the specific standards that will apply for the 2027 model year.
Perhaps more clear is that the change in administration will almost certainly effect at least some of California’s mobile source rules. Under Section 209 of the Clean Air Act, states are preempted from adopting or enforcing emissions standards for new vehicles and engines. However, Section 209 of the Clean Air Act allows California to request that the EPA waive this preemption so that California can enforce more stringent standards in the state. Under Section 209 of the Clean Air Act, unless the EPA finds certain limited grounds for denial it must grant California’s waiver request. Section 177 of the Clean Air Act also allows other states to adopt California’s mobile source standards.
While EPA has never denied a waiver request from California, in the first Trump administration, EPA withdrew California’s waiver for its Advanced Clean Cars I rule. That waiver was subsequently reinstated by the Biden administration, followed by a deluge of litigation related to EPA’s overall waiver authority since then. For example, on December 16, 2024, the Supreme Court denied certiorari in the State of Ohio et al. v. EPA where the joining states argued that the Clean Air Act’s preemption waiver provision violated “equal sovereignty”. While the Supreme Court declined to take on the constitutionality of EPA’s waiver authority in that case, similar challenges may be raised in the future, given that EPA has recently approved a number of new waiver requests and is set to approve the remaining outstanding waiver requests in the coming days.
Regardless of the waiver-related litigation, the Trump administration is likely to withdraw at least some of the EPA’s recently approved waiver requests, which would remove California’s and the states proceeding under the authority of Section 177 to enforce rules covered by the waiver once the waiver is withdrawn.
Currently, there are two California rules awaiting EPA waiver approval or authorization:
In-Use Locomotive regulation
Advanced Clean Fleets regulation
The Trump administration is expected to deny any waivers that remain pending after taking office, which would make those rules unenforceable in California and in the other states that have adopted the California rules. In particular, the Advanced Clean Fleets regulation faces ongoing litigation and industry pushback, which will be difficult for California to overcome if that waiver is denied.
EPA has also recently approved waivers for six additional California rules:
Advanced Clean Cars II regulations
Heavy-Duty Omnibus Low NOx regulations
Small Off-Road Engines (SORE) Amendments
Commercial Harbor Craft Amendments
Transport Refrigeration Unit (TRU) Amendments
In-Use Off-Road Diesel-Fueled Fleet Amendments
How the Trump administration will address these recently issued waiver approvals is less certain. If the first Trump term is any indication, it is likely that all or some of these recently issued waivers will be withdrawn, triggering protracted litigation and industry uncertainty. During Trump’s first term, following the withdrawal of the Advanced Clean Cars I rule waiver, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) entered into voluntary agreements with certain auto manufacturers that imposed alternative greenhouse gas standards as a stopgap while the waiver withdrawal was litigated and to help provide some regulatory certainty for automakers while the state of the regulations was in flux. CARB also indicated that it would retroactively enforce the Advanced Clean Cars I rule if the waiver was later reinstated. This could serve as a playbook for CARB during Trump’s second term if a number of the above waivers are denied or withdrawn. For example, with respect to the Heavy-Duty Omnibus Low NOx regulations, CARB previously entered an agreement with certain manufacturers that sets alternative standards for those parties in an effort to achieve regulatory certainty and stave off protracted challenges. Under that agreement, manufacturers also agreed not to challenge certain CARB regulations including the Advanced Clean Trucks regulation.
While uncertainty remains with respect to how the new administration will address vehicle, engine, and equipment emission standards and requirements, there will be changes that may require regulated industry to adjust current compliance, production, and investment plans, particularly with respect to electric and other zero-emission technologies, related infrastructure, and supply chain arrangements.